DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR OVERHEAD TANK

20 May, 2024,

Abstract > Volume 7, Number 1 (2021) > UGWU, S.J; JOSHUA, W; AKINTAYO, T.download full paper

ABSTRACT

This study seeks to design and construct an easy configurable system that controls water level in an overhead tank or reservoir receiving flow from an aquifer without wastages.  The water level sensors used for the design of the system comprise copper wires with high conductivity which play a major role in detecting, measuring, and monitoring of the water tank levels.  The system design is based on simple electromechanical technology.  The circuit was assembled on a Vero Board, three LED indicators – Red, Green, and Yellow which were connected to the three BC547 transistors T1, T2 and T3.  Both the LEDs and the transistors were connected to 220 resistors R1, R2 and R3.  Electrical energy was supplied to the system using a 12-volts power source.  The red LED display indicates water at low level of fill, yellow LED at half-filled and green LED at full capacity and pumped water connected to the designed automatic water controller.  The pump flow rate indicates an average time of 278.51 seconds to fill a twelve  litres tank, and 277.68 seconds to fill same twelve litres tank without the use of the control system.  Volume of pumped water against time was plotted and the slope of the graphs signify the actual flow rate achieved by the pump when coupled to the control system which is 0.09 L/S, and 0.100 L/S when not coupled to the control system.  These results have significantly shown that the automatic water control system has no effect on the performance of the pump, but rather, helps to prevent over use of the pump and regulates how the pump is being used.  The study recommends the use of Radio Frequency (RF) technology in subsequent research to determine the interaction between the controller and the water level sensor in pumping operation.

KEYWORDS: Control system, pump, circuit, discharge, water level.

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